Ethylene Regulates Combined Drought and Low Nitrogen Tolerance in Wheat: Proteomic Analysis

Wheat is a staple crop in China’s arid and semi-arid regions. Drought low nitrogen (LN) are two major constraints to wheat growth production. However, the molecular mechanism underlying response both drought LN stress remains unknown. Accordingly, we conducted proteomic study on roots of varieties, Chang6878 (drought tolerant) Shi4185 sensitive) compared differences between combined treatments. In total, 5143 proteins were identified, which 163 differentially abundant (DAPs) uniquely upregulated under Chang6878. Enrichment analysis showed that DAPs mainly involved mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling, phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, glutathione metabolism, ethylene signal transduction, oxidation–reduction reactions. These verified via parallel reaction monitoring quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. was treated with synthesis precursor 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid, its resistance improved. After treatment inhibitor silver nitrate transduction 1-methylcyclopropene, reduced. results provide novel insights into tolerance mechanisms by altering transduction. This provides reference for breeding drought- low-nitrogen-tolerant germplasm resources theoretical basis maintaining food security arid, barren areas.